The oriented strong embedding conjecture

From papers

A graph is 2-connected if it is connected and has no cut vertex. A strong embedding of a graph on a surface is an embedding in which every cell is bounded by a cycle. An orientable surface is a surface with an orientation.

Oriented strong embedding conjecture. Every 22-connected graph has a strong embedding on some orientable surface.

This is a long-standing open problem in topological graph theory concerning the existence of strong embeddings for 2-connected graphs.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Meike Weiß, Reymond Akpanya and Alice C. Niemeyer, “On 3-Connected Cubic Planar Graphs and their Strong Embeddings on Orientable Surfaces”, arXiv:2509.14964 (2025).

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