Higher-codimension borderline minimality conjecture for elastic curves

Let n2n\geq 2 and let γWloc2,2(R;Rn)\gamma\in W^{2,2}_{loc}(\mathbf{R};\mathbf{R}^n) satisfy

infRxγ>0.\inf_{\mathbf{R}}|\partial_x\gamma|>0.

A curve has a self-intersection if there exist distinct parameters with the same image point. Higher-codimension borderline minimality conjecture. If γ\gamma has a self-intersection, then

E[γ]8,E[\gamma]\geq 8,

with equality if and only if γ\gamma coincides with the borderline elastica γb\gamma_b up to orientation-preserving reparametrization and direction-preserving isometry. The planar case is established by the theorem preceding the conjecture; the claim is proposed for all codimensions, while its validity for n3n\geq 3 remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Tatsuya Miura and Fabian Rupp, “Embeddedness and graphicality of the elastic flow for complete curves”, arXiv:2508.18979 (2025).

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