Inverse inequality conjecture for quantum uniformity and hierarchy-overlap measures

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Let UU be an nn-qudit unitary, and let ∣∣U∣∣Qk\left|\left|U\right|\right|_{Q^k} and ∣∣U∣∣qk\left|\left|U\right|\right|_{q^k} denote its quantum uniformity norm and hierarchy-overlap measure, respectively. Inverse inequality conjecture. If

0<c⩽∣∣U∣∣Qk,0<c\leqslant\left|\left|U\right|\right|_{Q^{k}},

then there exists a constant dd, independent of nn, such that

0<d⩽∣∣U∣∣qk.0<d\leqslant\left|\left|U\right|\right|_{q^{k}}.

The preceding direct inequality shows that the hierarchy-overlap measure is bounded above by the quantum uniformity norm; this conjecture asks for a dimension-independent converse lower bound. Its resolution would establish quantitative equivalence between the two measures beyond their shared characterization of the Clifford hierarchy.

References

Primary source

Kaifeng Bu, Weichen Gu and Arthur Jaffe, “Quantum Higher Order Fourier Analysis and the Clifford Hierarchy”, arXiv:2508.15908 (2025).

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