Padé–biroot correspondence for square-root approximations

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Let P[p/q](c)(x)P_{[p/q]}^{(c)}(x) denote the [p/q][p/q] Padé approximant associated with the square-root expansion at cc, and let βm2(x,c)\beta_m^2(x,\sqrt{c}) be the square biroot approximation. Set

m=p+q+1,m=p+q+1,

with q∈{p,p−1}q\in\{p,p-1\}. Padé–biroot correspondence. The approximant satisfies

P[p/q](c)(x)∼x=βm2(x,c).P_{[p/q]}^{(c)}(x)\sim\sqrt{x}=\beta_m^2(x,\sqrt{c}).

The conjecture proposes that the binomial-coefficient construction underlying the biroot method reproduces the relevant Padé approximants, including the observed correspondence between Newton iterations and Padé approximations for square roots.

References

Primary source

Isaac Wolford, “Combinatorial and Gaussian Foundations of Rational Nth Root Approximations: Theorems and Conjectures”, arXiv:2508.14095 (2025).

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