Liechti–Strenner's minimal dilatation conjecture for closed nonorientable surfaces

From papers

Let NgN_g be the closed nonorientable surface of genus gg, and let [+]δ+(Ng)[+]{\delta}^{+}(N_g) denote the minimal dilatation among pseudo-Anosov diffeomorphisms of NgN_g with an orientable invariant foliation. For each integer k2k\geq 2, let rkr_k be the largest real root of

x2k1xkxk11.x^{2k-1}-x^k-x^{k-1}-1.

Liechti–Strenner's conjecture. For all k2k\geq 2,

δ+(N2k)=rk.\delta^{+}(N_{2k})=r_k.

Liechti and Strenner determined this minimal dilatation for several even genera, including 4,6,8,10,12,14,16,20,24,28,32,364,6,8,10,12,14,16,20,24,28,32,36 and 4040; the conjecture predicts the formula for every even genus at least 44.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Ji-Young Ham and Joongul Lee, “Maximal dilatation on nonorientable surfaces”, arXiv:2508.08323 (2025).

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