Lin's nodal and singular set measure conjecture for elliptic equations

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Let uu solve the divergence-form elliptic equation

∂i(aij(x)∂ju)+bi(x)∂iu+c(x)u=0\partial_i(a^{ij}(x)\partial_j u)+b^i(x)\partial_i u+c(x)u=0

in B(0,1)B(0,1), with

Λ−1∣ξ∣2≤aijξiξj≤Λ∣ξ∣2,∣bi∣,∣c∣≤Λ,\Lambda^{-1}|\xi|^2\leq a^{ij}\xi_i\xi_j\leq\Lambda|\xi|^2,\qquad |b^i|,|c|\leq\Lambda,

and

∣aij(x)−aij(y)∣≤Λ∣x−y∣.|a^{ij}(x)-a^{ij}(y)|\leq\Lambda|x-y|.

Let Z(u)Z(u) be the nodal set, S(u)S(u) the singular set, and βu\beta_u the frequency quantity used in the source. Lin's conjecture. The nodal and singular sets satisfy

Hn−1(Z(u)∩B(0,1/2))≤C(n,Λ)βu(0,1)\mathcal{H}^{n-1}(Z(u)\cap B(0,1/2))\leq C(n,\Lambda)\beta_u(0,1)

and

Hn−2(S(u)∩B(0,1/2))≤C(n,Λ)βu2(0,1).\mathcal{H}^{n-2}(S(u)\cap B(0,1/2))\leq C(n,\Lambda)\beta_u^2(0,1).

These estimates concern quantitative control of nodal and singular sets for elliptic equations; the source does not state their resolution status.

References

Primary source

Jiahuan Li, Junyuan Wang and Zhichen Ying, “Nadirashvili' Conjecture for Elliptic PDEs and its Applications”, arXiv:2508.07861 (2025).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2009–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:0903.3420.

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