Eager's holomorphic Seiberg duality conjecture

Let FF be a positive integer and let NN and Nˇ\check{N} be integers satisfying

F=N+Nˇ,FN,Nˇ2.F=N+\check{N},\qquad F\geq N,\check{N}\geq 2.

Let \cT\sfE(F,N)\cT_{\sfE}(F,N) and \cT\sfM(F,Nˇ)\cT_{\sfM}(F,\check{N}) denote the electric and magnetic holomorphic QCD theories, respectively, and let \Obs\sfE\Obs_{\sfE} and \Obs\sfM\Obs_{\sfM} be their observables.

Eager's conjecture. One can construct quantizations of these theories such that there is an equivalence of 2-dimensional holomorphic factorization algebras

\Obs\sfE\Obs\sfM.\Obs_{\sfE}\simeq\Obs_{\sfM}.

The conjecture gives a precise mathematical formulation of holomorphic Seiberg duality, relating theories with generally different gauge groups, SL(N)SL(N) and SL(Nˇ)SL(\check{N}), and with mesons present only on the magnetic side. The equivalence is understood in factorization algebras valued in Z/2\mathbb{Z}/2-graded cochain complexes; the conjecture remains to be established.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Owen Gwilliam and Brian R. Williams, “Holomorphic field theories and higher algebra”, arXiv:2508.07443 (2025).

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