The biharmonicity conjecture for non-CMC W-surfaces with flat normal bundle

Let φ:M2N4(ϵ)\varphi:M^2\to N^4(\epsilon) be a non-CMC W-surface with flat normal bundle. Assume that 3f2+Kϵ03f^2+K-\epsilon\neq 0 and E30\nabla^\perp E_3\neq 0 at any point. Biharmonicity conjecture. Then MM cannot be biharmonic. This conjecture is motivated by the preceding non-biharmonicity theorems for related classes of biconservative W-surfaces; its resolution is not established in the supplied text.

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Primary source

Ştefan Andronic, Stefano Montaldo, Cezar Oniciuc and Antonio Sanna, “Biconservative Weingarten surfaces with flat normal bundle in N^4 (ε)”, arXiv:2507.22708 (2025).

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