The two-periodic barcode-density conjecture

For tZt\in\mathbb{Z} and MZM\in\mathbb{Z}, define the two truncation limits ρ0(t)\rho_0(t) and ρ1(t)\rho_1(t) by the displayed sums over n12Z0n\in\frac12\mathbb{Z}_{\ge0}. Let ρ(L)barcode(t)\rho^{\mathrm{barcode}}_{(L)}(t) denote the pre-limit barcode density. Barcode-density conjecture. The limits ρ0(t)\rho_0(t) and ρ1(t)\rho_1(t) exist for all tZt\in\mathbb{Z}, take the two parity-dependent values ρevenbarcode\rho^{\mathrm{barcode}}_{\mathrm{even}} and ρoddbarcode\rho^{\mathrm{barcode}}_{\mathrm{odd}} specified by the relations in the statement, and satisfy ρevenbarcode+ρoddbarcode=1\rho^{\mathrm{barcode}}_{\mathrm{even}}+\rho^{\mathrm{barcode}}_{\mathrm{odd}}=1. Moreover, ρ(L)barcode(t)\rho^{\mathrm{barcode}}_{(L)}(t) converges to the corresponding even or odd density according to the parity of tt. This predicts period-two translation behavior and global density 1/21/2 for the limiting barcode process; it is motivated by numerical checks, while the relevant divergent-series regularizations remain unproved.

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Primary source

Alisa Knizel and Leonid Petrov, “Random Lozenge Waterfall: Dimensional Collapse of Gibbs Measures”, arXiv:2507.22011 (2025).

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