Maximal incompatibility conjecture for random balanced dichotomic PVMs

Let g2g\geq 2. For each dd, let P1,,PgP_1,\ldots,P_g be gg independent Haar-random projections of rank d/2d/2 on Cd\mathbb C^d, and let A1,,AgA_1,\ldots,A_g be their associated dichotomic observables. The maximal incompatibility conjecture states that, in probability,

limdτ(A1,,Ag)=1g.\lim_{d\to\infty}\tau(A_1,\ldots,A_g)=\frac{1}{\sqrt{g}}.

This would show that independent Haar-random balanced dichotomic PVMs are asymptotically close to maximally incompatible for every g2g\geq 2, matching the known lower bound and the upper-bound analysis up to the conjectured exact value.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Andreas Bluhm, Cécilia Lancien and Ion Nechita, “Random measurements are almost maximally incompatible”, arXiv:2507.20600 (2025).

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