Fredkin-chain conjecture on the central extension by total spin

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Let g\mathfrak{g} be the Lie algebra generated by the raising and lowering operators of the periodic Fredkin chain with NN sites. Let Sz\mathrm{S}^z be the third component of the total spin operator, let hih_i be the Cartan subalgebra elements of g\mathfrak{g}, and set n=⌈N/2⌉n=\lceil N/2\rceil. Central-element conjecture. There exists a nontrivial operator pp that is central with respect to g\mathfrak{g} and has the form

p=Sz−∑i=1⌈N/2⌉αihi,p=\mathrm{S}^z-\sum_{i=1}^{\lceil N/2\rceil}\alpha_i h_i,

where the αi\alpha_i are coefficients. This proposes that the symmetry algebra is extended by a central element obtained from the total-spin component Sz\mathrm{S}^z. The claim is based on finite-size computations for N≤10N\leq 10; determining the coefficients and proving centrality for general NN remain open.

References

Primary source

Andrei G. Pronko, “Symmetries of the periodic Fredkin chain”, arXiv:2507.18291 (2025).

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