Zhang–Kitaev equinumerosity conjecture for 213- and 321-avoiding permutations

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Let Snt\mathfrak{S}_n^t be the set of permutations of length nn that become the identity after tt applications of the stack-sorting operation, and let Snt(p)\mathfrak{S}_n^t(p) denote those that avoid the pattern pp. Zhang–Kitaev's conjecture. For every t≥1t\geq 1,

∣Snt(321)∣=∣Snt(213)∣.|\mathfrak{S}_n^t(321)|=|\mathfrak{S}_n^t(213)|.

The paper constructs a bijection proving this equality, so the conjecture is solved.

References

Primary source

Yang Li, Sergey Kitaev, Zhicong Lin and Jing Liu, “A bijection between 321- and 213-avoiding permutations preserving t-stack-sortability”, arXiv:2507.09187 (2025).

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