The toroidal small-homology conjecture for SU(2)-abelian 3-manifolds

Let YY be a toroidal rational homology 33-sphere. The toroidal small-homology conjecture. If H1(Y;Z)4|H_1(Y;\mathbb{Z})| \le 4, then YY is not SU(2)SU(2)-abelian. This conjecture predicts a non-abelian SU(2)SU(2)-representation for every toroidal rational homology 33-sphere whose first homology has order at most four. It is known for toroidal graph manifolds with H1(Y;Z)5|H_1(Y;\mathbb{Z})|\leq 5, but remains open in the stated generality.

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Primary source

Giacomo Bascape, “Toroidal graph manifolds with small homology are not SU(2)-abelian”, arXiv:2506.21729 (2025).

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