Conjecture on polynomial patterns in relatively totally ergodic systems

Let (X,μ,T)(X, \mu, T) be an ergodic Z\mathbb{Z}-system, let Φ\Phi be a Følner sequence, and let agen(μ,Φ)a \in \operatorname{gen}(\mu, \Phi). Let EXE \subseteq X be an open set with μ(E)>0\mu(E)>0 satisfying

E[\mathbbm1Eμ(E)Zrat]=0.\mathbb{E}\left[\mathbbm{1}_E-\mu(E)\mid \mathcal{Z}_{rat}\right]=0.

Polynomial-pattern conjecture. For any integer-valued polynomial P(x)Q[x]P(x)\in\mathbb{Q}[x] such that both P(x)P(x) and P(x)+xP(x)+x are nonconstant, there exists tZt\in\mathbb{Z} such that

EFSXP(Tta)(E×E).\mathbf{EFS}^P_X(T^t a)\cap(E\times E)\ne\emptyset.

This conjecture predicts polynomial configurations in relatively totally ergodic systems, extending the rich polynomial-pattern consequences described in the surrounding discussion. Its resolution is not specified in the source.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Ethan Ackelsberg, “Infinite polynomial patterns in large subsets of the rational numbers”, arXiv:2506.19667 (2025).

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