The four-critical-point refinement conjecture for Sendov's conjecture

Let β∈[0,1]\beta\in[0,1], let S(β)S(\beta) be the set of polynomials of degree at least 22 with complex coefficients, all roots in the closed unit disk, and at least one root at β\beta, and let d(P,β)d(P,\beta) be the distance from β\beta to the closest root of P′P'. The four-critical-point refinement conjecture. There is a constant c≈0.24483c\approx0.24483 such that, if P∈S(β)P\in S(\beta) has at most 44 distinct critical points, then

d(P,β)≤1−cβ(1−β).d(P,\beta)\le1-c\beta(1-\beta).

The numerical value is inferred from experimental searches for high-degree extremal polynomials. Establishing a uniform coefficient of this size for the whole class remains open.

References

Primary source

Michael J. Miller, “Seeking a quadratic refinement of Sendov's conjecture”, arXiv:2506.12951 (2025).

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