The Kneser–Poulsen conjecture for intersections and unions of unequal balls

Let n,NNn,N\in\mathbb N, let (xi)i=1N,(yi)i=1NRn(x_i)_{i=1}^N,(y_i)_{i=1}^N\subset\mathbb R^n satisfy

xixj2yiyj2,\|x_i-x_j\|_2\le \|y_i-y_j\|_2,

and let (ri)i=1NR+(r_i)_{i=1}^N\subset\mathbb R^+.

Kneser–Poulsen conjecture for unequal balls. The simultaneous inequalities

Vol(i=1NB(xi,ri))Vol(i=1NB(yi,ri)){\rm Vol}\left(\bigcap_{i=1}^N B(x_i,r_i)\right)\ge {\rm Vol}\left(\bigcap_{i=1}^N B(y_i,r_i)\right)

and

Vol(i=1NB(xi,ri))Vol(i=1NB(yi,ri)){\rm Vol}\left(\bigcup_{i=1}^N B(x_i,r_i)\right)\le {\rm Vol}\left(\bigcup_{i=1}^N B(y_i,r_i)\right)

should hold.

The source presents this as a broader Kneser–Poulsen-type conjecture. It notes that various particular cases have been verified, but does not give a general resolution.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Shiri Artstein-Avidan and Dan I. Florentin, “An in-depth study of ball-bodies”, arXiv:2505.09200 (2025).

Additional references

10 papers in this index state this conjecture (2009–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2411.10302, arXiv:2409.03664, arXiv:2210.12842, arXiv:1711.03352, arXiv:1701.05074, arXiv:1511.08134, arXiv:1006.0529, arXiv:1006.0531, arXiv:0903.4846.

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