The Iwasawa main conjecture for Kato's Euler system

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Let Q∞\mathbb{Q}_\infty be the cyclotomic Zp\mathbb{Z}_p-extension of Q\mathbb{Q}, let Λ\Lambda be its Iwasawa algebra, and assume that ρf\rho_f has large image. For a height-one prime P\mathfrak{P} of Λ\Lambda, consider the Kato Euler-system class κ1Kato,k−r,∞\kappa^{\mathrm{Kato},k-r,\infty}_1, the Iwasawa cohomology module HIw1(Q,Tf(k−r))\mathrm{H}^1_{\mathrm{Iw}}(\mathbb{Q},T_f(k-r)), and the dual Selmer module Sel0(Q∞,Wf‾(r))∨\mathrm{Sel}_0(\mathbb{Q}_\infty,W_{\overline f}(r))^\vee. The Iwasawa main conjecture. The localized equality

ord⁡P ⁣(char⁡Λ ⁣(HIw1(Q,Tf(k−r))Λκ1Kato,k−r,∞))=ord⁡P ⁣(char⁡Λ ⁣(Sel0(Q∞,Wf‾(r))∨))\operatorname{ord}_{\mathfrak{P}}\!\left(\operatorname{char}_{\Lambda}\!\left(\frac{\mathrm{H}^1_{\mathrm{Iw}}(\mathbb{Q},T_f(k-r))}{\Lambda\kappa^{\mathrm{Kato},k-r,\infty}_1}\right)\right)=\operatorname{ord}_{\mathfrak{P}}\!\left(\operatorname{char}_{\Lambda}\!\left(\mathrm{Sel}_0(\mathbb{Q}_\infty,W_{\overline f}(r))^\vee\right)\right)

should hold for every height-one prime ideal P\mathfrak{P} of Λ\Lambda. This is the central Iwasawa-theoretic input for the paper’s non-vanishing and refined Tamagawa-number results; the source does not state that it is proved in full generality.

References

Primary source

Chan-Ho Kim and Robert Pollack, “The refined Tamagawa number conjectures for GL_2”, arXiv:2505.09121 (2025).

Additional references

14 papers in this index state this conjecture (2004–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2503.00247, arXiv:2412.10980, arXiv:2308.08875, arXiv:2206.14636, arXiv:2203.12159, arXiv:2110.13102, arXiv:2103.06864, arXiv:2006.14491, arXiv:1909.10162, arXiv:1811.05368, arXiv:1804.00418, arXiv:1112.3821, and 1 more.

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