A 3-adic valuation formula for cubic binomial sums

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For an integer n0n\geq 0, define

Tn=k=0n(nk)32k.T_n=\sum_{k=0}^n\binom{n}{k}^3 2^k.

Let s3(m)s_3(m) denote the sum of the base-33 digits of the nonnegative integer mm. The cubic binomial-sum valuation conjecture. For every integer n0n\geq 0,

ν3(Tn)={s3(n12)+1,if n1(mod6);s3(n+12),otherwise.\nu_3(T_n)=\begin{cases} s_3\left(\frac{n-1}{2}\right)+1,&\text{if }n\equiv -1\pmod 6;\\ s_3\left(\left\lfloor\frac{n+1}{2}\right\rfloor\right),&\text{otherwise.} \end{cases}

The source poses this as an open question along with results on related 3-adic valuations. No resolution is supplied in the given text.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Max A. Alekseyev, Tewodros Amdeberhan, Jeffrey Shallit and Ingrid Vukusic, “On the p-adic valuations of values of Legendre polynomials”, arXiv:2505.08935 (2025).

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