The K51ml\f3s discrepancy conjecture

From papers

For a square matrix AA, define its discrepancy by

disc(A)=infx±1nAx.\operatorname{disc}(A)=\inf_{x\in\\{\pm1\\}^n}\\|Ax\\|_\infty.

K51ml\f3s conjecture. There exists a universal constant KK such that every square matrix AA whose columns have unit 2\ell_2 norm satisfies

disc(A)K.\operatorname{disc}(A)\leq K.

This conjecture is a vector-balancing strengthening of discrepancy bounds for ±1\pm1 matrices. It remains open; the best cited lower bound on the possible value of KK is 1+21+\sqrt2.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Afonso S. Bandeira, Anastasia Kireeva, Antoine Maillard and Almut Rödder, “Randomstrasse101: Open Problems of 2024”, arXiv:2504.20539 (2025).

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