The norm relations test over arbitrary number fields

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Let E/LE / L be an elliptic curve, let F/LF / L be a Galois extension with Galois group GG, and let ρ\rho be an irreducible representation of GG. Suppose that

NQ(ρ)/Q(ρ)⊕m=(⨁γ∈Gal⁡(Q(ρ)/Q)ργ)⊕m=(⨁iC[G/Hi])⊖(⨁jC[G/Hj′])N_{\mathbb{Q}(\rho) / \mathbb{Q}}(\rho)^{\oplus m} = \left( \bigoplus_{\gamma \in \operatorname{Gal}(\mathbb{Q}(\rho) / \mathbb{Q})} \rho^\gamma \right)^{\oplus m} = \left( \bigoplus_i \mathbb{C}[G / H_i] \right) \ominus \left( \bigoplus_j \mathbb{C}[G / H_j'] \right)

for some m∈Zm \in \mathbb{Z} and subgroups Hi,Hj′≤GH_i,H_j' \leq G. Norm relations test. If either

∏iCE/FHi∏jCE/FHj′\frac{\prod_i C_{E / F^{H_i}}}{\prod_j C_{E / F^{H_j'}}}

is not a norm from some quadratic field Q(D)⊂Q(ρ)\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D}) \subset \mathbb{Q}(\rho), or is not a rational square when mm is even, then EE has a point of infinite order over FF. This is the extension of the norm relations test from elliptic curves over Q\mathbb{Q} to arbitrary number fields. The paper states that it follows from the parity conjecture for twists under the relevant semistable-reduction hypotheses; no unconditional resolution is given.

References

Primary source

Edwina Aylward, “Tamagawa numbers and positive rank of elliptic curves”, arXiv:2504.17962 (2026).

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