The norm relations test over arbitrary number fields

Let E/LE / L be an elliptic curve, let F/LF / L be a Galois extension with Galois group GG, and let ρ\rho be an irreducible representation of GG. Suppose that

NQ(ρ)/Q(ρ)m=(γGal(Q(ρ)/Q)ργ)m=(iC[G/Hi])(jC[G/Hj])N_{\mathbb{Q}(\rho) / \mathbb{Q}}(\rho)^{\oplus m} = \left( \bigoplus_{\gamma \in \operatorname{Gal}(\mathbb{Q}(\rho) / \mathbb{Q})} \rho^\gamma \right)^{\oplus m} = \left( \bigoplus_i \mathbb{C}[G / H_i] \right) \ominus \left( \bigoplus_j \mathbb{C}[G / H_j'] \right)

for some mZm \in \mathbb{Z} and subgroups Hi,HjGH_i,H_j' \leq G. Norm relations test. If either

iCE/FHijCE/FHj\frac{\prod_i C_{E / F^{H_i}}}{\prod_j C_{E / F^{H_j'}}}

is not a norm from some quadratic field Q(D)Q(ρ)\mathbb{Q}(\sqrt{D}) \subset \mathbb{Q}(\rho), or is not a rational square when mm is even, then EE has a point of infinite order over FF. This is the extension of the norm relations test from elliptic curves over Q\mathbb{Q} to arbitrary number fields. The paper states that it follows from the parity conjecture for twists under the relevant semistable-reduction hypotheses; no unconditional resolution is given.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Edwina Aylward, “Tamagawa numbers and positive rank of elliptic curves”, arXiv:2504.17962 (2026).

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