Grünbaum's equitable coloring conjecture

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Let GG be a graph with maximum degree Δ(G)\Delta(G), and let a kk-equitable coloring be a proper coloring with kk color classes whose sizes differ by at most one. Grünbaum's conjecture. Every graph GG with

Δ(G)<k\Delta(G)<k

has a kk-equitable coloring. The conjecture was proved by Hajnal and Szemerédi in 1970.

References

Primary source

H. A. Kierstead, Alexandr Kostochka and Zimu Xiang, “Results and Problems on Equitable Coloring of Graphs”, arXiv:2504.14711 (2025).

Additional references

2 papers in this index state this conjecture (2019–2025). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:1901.08622.

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