Ball-support conjecture for simple fractional-Laplacian eigenvalue minimizers

Let k2k\geq 2, let AA be a λk\lambda_k-minimizer, and let uku_k be the corresponding eigenfunction. Assume that λk\lambda_k is simple. Ball-support conjecture. For every copy Rin{\mathbb R}_i^n of Rn{\mathbb R}^n, the set

{ukRin0}\{u_k|_{{\mathbb R}_i^n}\neq 0\}

is a ball. The preceding discussion expects minimizing configurations to be unions of balls in different copies of Rn{\mathbb R}^n. The conjecture is presented as an expected structural property under simplicity; the paper notes special verification when the domain consists of two or three disjoint connected sets, but does not resolve the general case.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Alvis Zahl, “Minimizing Eigenvalues of the Fractional Laplacian”, arXiv:2504.09840 (2025).

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