Ball-support conjecture for simple fractional-Laplacian eigenvalue minimizers

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Let k≥2k\geq 2, let AA be a λk\lambda_k-minimizer, and let uku_k be the corresponding eigenfunction. Assume that λk\lambda_k is simple. Ball-support conjecture. For every copy Rin{\mathbb R}_i^n of Rn{\mathbb R}^n, the set

{uk∣Rin≠0}\{u_k|_{{\mathbb R}_i^n}\neq 0\}

is a ball. The preceding discussion expects minimizing configurations to be unions of balls in different copies of Rn{\mathbb R}^n. The conjecture is presented as an expected structural property under simplicity; the paper notes special verification when the domain consists of two or three disjoint connected sets, but does not resolve the general case.

References

Primary source

Alvis Zahl, “Minimizing Eigenvalues of the Fractional Laplacian”, arXiv:2504.09840 (2025).

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