Hypergeometric rationality conjecture for unicellular Ising maps with many monochromatic edges

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Let Un,k,ℓU_{n,k,\ell} denote the coefficient of t3nν∙kν∘ℓt^{3n}\nu_{\bullet}^k\nu_{\circ}^{\ell} in the generating series UU for unicellular Ising maps. For fixed i,j≥0i,j\geq 0, the coefficient Un,3n−i,jU_{n,3n-i,j} is considered with n=2g−1n=2g-1.

Many-monochromatic-edges conjecture. For fixed i,j≥0i,j\geq 0, there exists a rational function Ri,j(g)R_{i,j}(g) in gg such that

Un,3n−i,j=Ri,j(g)(6g)!12gg!(3g)!.U_{n,3n-i,j}=R_{i,j}(g)\frac{(6g)!}{12^g g!(3g)!}.

These numbers vanish when i+ji+j is not a multiple of 33 or when j>ij>i.

The conjecture extends the known hypergeometric formula for monochromatic unicellular cubic maps. The case i−j=1i-j=1 is proved using a decomposition along the unique bicolored edge and known results on rooted precubic maps, while the general case remains open.

References

Primary source

Mireille Bousquet-Mélou, Ariane Carrance and Baptiste Louf, “The Ising model on cubic maps: arbitrary genus”, arXiv:2504.00768 (2025).

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