The LpLpL^p\to L^p local smoothing conjecture for spherical averages

Let AtA_t denote the spherical averaging operator, let tγ\partial_t^\gamma be the fractional time derivative, and let Lsp(Rd)L^p_s(\mathbb{R}^d) denote the inhomogeneous Sobolev space. The spherical-average local smoothing conjecture. For d2d\geq2, γ0\gamma\geq0, and all p2dd1p\geq\frac{2d}{d-1},

(12RdtγAt(f)(x)pdxdt)1/pεfLγdp+εp(Rd).\left(\int_1^2\int_{\mathbb{R}^d}|\partial_t^\gamma A_t(f)(x)|^p\,dx\,dt\right)^{1/p}\lesssim_{\varepsilon}\|f\|_{L^p_{\gamma-\frac{d}{p}+\varepsilon}(\mathbb{R}^d)}.

The estimate is motivated by the wave-equation local smoothing conjecture and would yield scale-localized spherical-average bounds; its status is not resolved in the supplied text.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Tainara Borges, Benjamin Foster, Yumeng Ou and Eyvindur Palsson, “Nonempty interior of pinned distance and tree sets”, arXiv:2503.15709 (2026).

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