Stein's dimension-free maximal inequality conjecture for convex symmetric bodies

Let dZ+d\in\mathbb{Z}_+, let B(d)\mathfrak B(d) be the set of all convex symmetric bodies in Rd\mathbb{R}^d, and for UB(d)U\in\mathfrak B(d) let C(p,R+,U)\mathcal C(p,\mathbb{R}_+,U) be the smallest constant in the discrete maximal inequality

supt>0MtUfp(Zd)C(p,R+,U)fp(Zd).\left\|\sup_{t>0}|\mathcal M_t^U f|\right\|_{\ell^p(\mathbb{Z}^d)}\leq \mathcal C(p,\mathbb{R}_+,U)\|f\|_{\ell^p(\mathbb{Z}^d)}.

Stein's conjecture. For every p(1,]p\in(1,\infty] there is a constant Cp>0C_p>0 such that

supdZ+supUB(d)C(p,R+,U)Cp.\sup_{d\in\mathbb{Z}_+}\sup_{U\in\mathfrak B(d)}\mathcal C(p,\mathbb{R}_+,U)\leq C_p.

This asks for dimension-free bounds for discrete maximal operators associated with convex symmetric bodies. The corresponding bound is finite in each fixed dimension for every p(1,]p\in(1,\infty], but uniformity over all dimensions and all convex symmetric bodies remains a major open problem arising from Stein's work.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Mariusz Mirek, Tomasz Z. Szarek and Błażej Wróbel, “Dimension-free estimates for discrete maximal functions related to normalized gaussians”, arXiv:2503.11259 (2025).

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