Semi-Riemannian Bakry–Émery warped-product formula

Let B×fNFB\times_f^{N}F be an NN-warped product of a Riemannian manifold BB, a positive warping function ff, and a weighted Riemannian manifold FF. The weighted semi-Riemannian analogue is obtained by replacing the Riemannian warped-product geometry with a weighted semi-Riemannian one. Semi-Riemannian Bakry–Émery formula conjecture. A formula like the Bakry–Émery NN-Ricci warped-product formula holds in the context of weighted semi-Riemannian manifolds. This would extend the displayed Riemannian formula to weighted Lorentzian and more general semi-Riemannian settings; no proof or precise general formulation is supplied here.

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Primary source

Christian Ketterer, “Warped products and synthetic lower curvature bounds: an overview”, arXiv:2503.05521 (2025).

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