Squarefree-value conjecture for integral multivariate polynomials

Let PZ[X1,,Xn]P\in\mathbb{Z}[X_{1},\ldots,X_{n}] have total degree d2d\geq 2. For m>1m>1, define

ρP(m)=#{X(Z/mZ)n:P(X)0(modm)}.\rho_{P}(m)=\#\{X\in(\mathbb{Z}/m\mathbb{Z})^{n}:P(X)\equiv0\pmod m\}.

Given BjRB_j\in\mathbb{R} with Bj1B_j\geq1 and B=j=1n[0,Bj]ZnB=\prod_{j=1}^{n}[0,B_j]\cap\mathbb{Z}^{n}, let NP(B)N_P(B) count the XBX\in B for which P(X)P(X) is nonzero and square-free. Squarefree-value conjecture.

NP(B)CPB1Bnas minj=1,,nBj,N_{P}(B)\sim \mathscr{C}_{P}B_{1}\cdots B_{n}\quad\text{as }\min_{j=1,\ldots,n}B_j\to\infty,

where

CP=p(1ρP(p2)p2n).\mathscr{C}_{P}=\prod_{p}\left(1-\frac{\rho_{P}(p^{2})}{p^{2n}}\right).

This is the conjectural squarefree density for values of multivariate integral polynomials, with the Euler product giving the predicted local density. The supplied text does not specify whether it has been resolved in the stated generality.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Yi Ouyang, Qimin Song and Chenhao Zhang, “On imaginary quadratic fields with non-cyclic class groups”, arXiv:2503.00787 (2025).

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