Squarefree-value conjecture for integral multivariate polynomials

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Let P∈Z[X1,…,Xn]P\in\mathbb{Z}[X_{1},\ldots,X_{n}] have total degree d≥2d\geq 2. For m>1m>1, define

ρP(m)=#{X∈(Z/mZ)n:P(X)≡0(modm)}.\rho_{P}(m)=\#\{X\in(\mathbb{Z}/m\mathbb{Z})^{n}:P(X)\equiv0\pmod m\}.

Given Bj∈RB_j\in\mathbb{R} with Bj≥1B_j\geq1 and B=∏j=1n[0,Bj]∩ZnB=\prod_{j=1}^{n}[0,B_j]\cap\mathbb{Z}^{n}, let NP(B)N_P(B) count the X∈BX\in B for which P(X)P(X) is nonzero and square-free. Squarefree-value conjecture.

NP(B)∼CPB1⋯Bnas min⁡j=1,…,nBj→∞,N_{P}(B)\sim \mathscr{C}_{P}B_{1}\cdots B_{n}\quad\text{as }\min_{j=1,\ldots,n}B_j\to\infty,

where

CP=∏p(1−ρP(p2)p2n).\mathscr{C}_{P}=\prod_{p}\left(1-\frac{\rho_{P}(p^{2})}{p^{2n}}\right).

This is the conjectural squarefree density for values of multivariate integral polynomials, with the Euler product giving the predicted local density. The supplied text does not specify whether it has been resolved in the stated generality.

References

Primary source

Yi Ouyang, Qimin Song and Chenhao Zhang, “On imaginary quadratic fields with non-cyclic class groups”, arXiv:2503.00787 (2025).

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