The unrestricted upper-bound conjecture for the total 2-coalition number

Let GG be a graph with minimum degree δ=δ(G)\delta=\delta(G) and maximum degree Δ=Δ(G)\Delta=\Delta(G), where deltaeq2delta eq 2. The unrestricted upper-bound conjecture states that

TC2(G)δ2(Δ2δ2+1)+δ2.\operatorname{TC}_{2}(G)\leq \left\lfloor\frac{\delta}{2}\right\rfloor\left(\Delta-2\left\lfloor\frac{\delta}{2}\right\rfloor+1\right)+\left\lceil\frac{\delta}{2}\right\rceil.

The authors report that the restriction Δ(G)4δ(G)/22\Delta(G)\geq 4\lfloor\delta(G)/2\rfloor-2 from the preceding theorem may be omitted, and that no counterexample was found; the statement is known when δ(G)5\delta(G)\leq 5.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Boštjan Brešar, Sandi Klavžar and Babak Samadi, “Total k-coalition: bounds, exact values and an application to double coalition”, arXiv:2502.07310 (2025).

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