Approximate Lagrange multiplier convergence for secant-function-augmented SOPICs

Let Si0S_i\leq 0 be the ii-th scalar-only path inequality constraint (SOPIC), let ηi\eta_i be its Lagrange multiplier, let Pi1P_i\leq 1 be the equivalent rescaling of the constraint, and let ρi\rho_i be the secant-penalty weight. The approximate multiplier is defined by

η~i=ρisec(π2Pi)Si.\tilde{\eta}_i=-\frac{\rho_i\sec\left(\frac{\pi}{2}P_i\right)}{S_i}.

Approximate multiplier convergence conjecture. Under the direct-adjoining and secant-function-augmentation formulations, η~i\tilde{\eta}_i approaches ηi\eta_i as ρi0\rho_i\to 0:

η~iηi.\tilde{\eta}_i\longrightarrow\eta_i.

The approximation is motivated by equating the corresponding Hamiltonians and is intended to satisfy the complementarity slackness conditions. The paper reports only empirical verification, using DIDO solutions to retrieve ηi\eta_i; no rigorous equivalence or convergence proof is provided, so the conjecture remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Nicholas P. Nurre and Ehsan Taheri, “Constrained Fuel and Time Optimal 6DOF Powered Descent Guidance Using Indirect Optimization”, arXiv:2501.14173 (2025).

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