The singleton-root conjecture for the Bernstein–Sato polynomial of a regular sequence

Let XX be the ambient space, let f1,,frOX(X)f_1,\dots,f_r\in \mathscr{O}_X(X) be a regular sequence, and let gg and UU be as in the preceding construction. Write bg(s)b_g(s) for the Bernstein–Sato polynomial of gg and bgU(s)b_{g\vert_U}(s) for its restriction to UU. Let II denote the set of nonzero indices corresponding to the additional factors (s+r+i)(s+r+i) in the factorization of bg(s)b_g(s). Singleton-root conjecture. One has

bg(s)={bgU(s)(s+r),bgU(s).b_g(s)= \begin{cases} b_{g\vert_U}(s)(s+r),\\ b_{g\vert_U}(s). \end{cases}

Equivalently, the set II is either empty or the singleton {0}\{0\}. The conjecture would show that no factor (s+r+j)(s+r+j) with j>0j>0 can occur without the corresponding additional integer root phenomenon in the restricted Bernstein–Sato polynomial; the surrounding discussion motivates this from the nonvanishing of the quotient piece, but the text gives no resolution.

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Primary source

Bradley Dirks, Sebastian Olano and Debaditya Raychaudhury, “A Hodge Theoretic generalization of Q-Homology Manifolds I: General Case”, arXiv:2501.14065 (2026).

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