The up-element conjecture for left-orderable closed 3-manifold groups

Let MM be a closed 3-manifold. An almost periodic action of a finitely generated group GG on R\mathbb R is a faithful action in which the generators act uniformly bilipschitzly, have uniformly bounded displacement, and every point can be moved by at least 11 in both directions by generators. An element is universally positive, or an up element, if its inverse moves every point a uniformly positive distance to the right. The up-element conjecture. If π1(M)\pi_1(M) is left-orderable, then it admits a left order associated to a faithful almost periodic action with up elements. This would strengthen the general existence of faithful almost periodic actions for finitely generated left-orderable groups by asserting the presence of up elements for left-orderable fundamental groups of closed 3-manifolds.

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Primary source

Danny Calegari and Ino Loukidou, “Zippers”, arXiv:2411.15610 (2026).

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