Global structure conjecture for the stable manifold of plane-wave equilibria

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The dynamical system has plane-wave fixed points PW±\mathrm{PW}^{\pm}, a fixed point source RT\mathrm{RT}, a fixed point PW0\mathrm{PW}^{0}, a fixed point T3\mathrm{T}_3, and variables R3R_3 and N−N_-. Let Ws(PW±)\mathcal{W}^s(\mathrm{PW}^{\pm}) denote the stable manifold of PW±\mathrm{PW}^{\pm}, and let HO\mathcal{HO} be the invariant subset containing the orbit from RT\mathrm{RT} to PW0\mathrm{PW}^{0}. The system has the discrete symmetry (R3,N−)↦−(R3,N−)(R_3,N_-)\mapsto -(R_3,N_-). Global stable-manifold conjecture. (i) Every orbit in Ws(PW±)\mathcal{W}^s(\mathrm{PW}^{\pm}) originates from RT\mathrm{RT}: its α\alpha-limit set is RT\mathrm{RT}. The orbit RT→PW0\mathrm{RT}\rightarrow\mathrm{PW}^{0} in HO\mathcal{HO} divides Ws(PW±)\mathcal{W}^s(\mathrm{PW}^{\pm}) into the two parts RT→PW+\mathrm{RT}\rightarrow\mathrm{PW}^{+} and RT→PW−\mathrm{RT}\rightarrow\mathrm{PW}^{-}. (ii) The boundaries of these two parts, and hence of the whole stable manifold, are two heteroclinic orbits RT→T3\mathrm{RT}\rightarrow\mathrm{T}_3: one approaches T3\mathrm{T}_3 from the positive (R3,N−)(R_3,N_-) direction and the other from the negative (R3,N−)(R_3,N_-) direction, related by the stated discrete symmetry. This conjecture concerns the global extension and boundary characterization of the locally foliated center-stable manifold; its resolution is not supplied in the source.

References

Primary source

Phillipo Lappicy and Claes Uggla, “Oscillatory spacelike singularities: The Bianchi type VI_-1/9 vacuum models”, arXiv:2410.10375 (2025).

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