Power-of-two block conjecture for Ulam words

Let uu be a binary word of length nn of the form 0a12k0b0^a1^{2^k}0^b, where a,b,kZ1a,b,k\in\mathbb{Z}_{\geq1}. Power-of-two block conjecture. The word uu belongs to U\mathscr{U} if and only if

n1(mod2k).n\equiv1\pmod{2^k}.

The claim would describe membership in the Ulam-word set for a structured family of words with a central block of 2k2^k ones. The source says only that this may be demonstrable; no proof or resolution is provided.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Paul Adutwum, Hopper Clark, Ro Emerson, Alexandra, Sheydvasser, Arseniy, Sheydvasser and Axelle Tougouma, “Distributions of Ulam Words up to Length 30”, arXiv:2410.01217 (2025).

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