Asymptotic density conjecture for Ulam words

Let Un\mathscr{U}_n denote the set of Ulam words of length nn, and define

ρ(n):=#Un2n.\rho(n):=\frac{\#\mathscr{U}_n}{2^n}.

Ulam-word density conjecture. The density satisfies

ρ(n)=Θ(n3/10).\rho(n)=\Theta(n^{-3/10}).

This conjecture is based on the enlarged computational data set in the paper and is presented as a proposed alternative to the earlier conjecture that the density tends to a positive constant. No proof or resolution is given.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Paul Adutwum, Hopper Clark, Ro Emerson, Alexandra, Sheydvasser, Arseniy, Sheydvasser and Axelle Tougouma, “Distributions of Ulam Words up to Length 30”, arXiv:2410.01217 (2025).

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