Rational-coefficient representation conjecture for the modular anomaly function

Let Tn\mathscr{T}_n^\ell be the set of labelled trees with nn vertices, let ETE_\mathcal{T} be the edge set of a tree T\mathcal{T}, and let Γe\Gamma_e denote the quantity associated with an edge ee. For a subset JET\mathcal{J}\subseteq E_\mathcal{T}, write TJ\mathcal{T}_\mathcal{J} for the corresponding tree data, and let δΓe\delta_{\Gamma_e} and sgn(Γe)\operatorname{sgn}(\Gamma_e) denote the delta and sign factors appearing below. Then

En(0)({γˇi})=1n!T\mathdsTnκT({γˇv})ST({γˇv}),\mathscr{E}^{(0)}_n(\{\check\gamma_i\}) = \frac{1}{n!} \sum_{\mathcal{T}\in\, \mathds{T}_n^\ell} \kappa_\mathcal{T}(\{\check\gamma_{\mathfrak{v}}\})\, S_\mathcal{T}(\{\check\gamma_\mathfrak{v}\}),

where

ST({γˇv})=JETeTJeJδΓeeETJsgn(Γe).S_\mathcal{T}(\{\check\gamma_\mathfrak{v}\})= \sum_{\mathcal{J}\subseteq E_\mathcal{T}}e_{\mathcal{T}_\mathcal{J}} \,\prod_{e\in \mathcal{J}}\delta_{\Gamma_e} \prod_{e\in E_\mathcal{T}\setminus \mathcal{J}} \operatorname{sgn}(\Gamma_e).

Rational-coefficient representation conjecture. The coefficients eTe_{\mathcal{T}} are rational numbers depending only on the topology of T\mathcal{T}. This proposed representation is intended to replace the formulation whose tree coefficients can be irrational, consistently with the expectation that the completion of a mock modular form with rational Fourier coefficients contains only rational numbers.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Sergei Alexandrov and Khalil Bendriss, “Modular anomaly of BPS black holes”, arXiv:2408.16819 (2024).

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