Large- tt asymptotic conjecture for the Painlev\e9 c3\mathrm{PIII}' transcendent

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Let ϵ=±1\epsilon=\pm1, ω~=ω/(2π)\tilde{\omega}=\omega/(2\pi), and let vϵ(t;ξ)v_\epsilon(t;\xi) be the particular σPIII⁡′\sigma\operatorname{PIII}' transcendent satisfying the differential equation specified in the source subject to the boundary condition as t→0+t\to0^+. Define

Aϵ(t;ω)=−iω~(t−sin⁡2(2t)4tω~)+12ω~2−ϵ(1−ω~)4π(sin⁡(πω~)Γ2(1−ω~)(4t)2ω~e−2it+(ω~↦−ω~)‾),\begin{aligned} A_\epsilon(t;\omega)={}&-i\tilde{\omega}\left(\sqrt t-\frac{\sin^2(2\sqrt t)}{4\sqrt t}\tilde{\omega}\right)+\frac12\tilde{\omega}^2\\ &-\frac{\epsilon(1-\tilde{\omega})}{4\pi}\left(\sin(\pi\tilde{\omega})\Gamma^2(1-\tilde{\omega})(4\sqrt t)^{2\tilde{\omega}}e^{-2i\sqrt t}+\overline{(\tilde{\omega}\mapsto-\tilde{\omega})}\right), \end{aligned}

and

Bϵ(t;ω)=1+iϵπ(sin⁡(πω~)Γ2(1−ω~)(4t)2ω~−1e−2it+(ω~↦−ω~)‾).B_\epsilon(t;\omega)=1+\frac{i\epsilon}{\pi}\left(\sin(\pi\tilde{\omega})\Gamma^2(1-\tilde{\omega})(4\sqrt t)^{2\tilde{\omega}-1}e^{-2i\sqrt t}+\overline{(\tilde{\omega}\mapsto-\tilde{\omega})}\right).

Painlevé asymptotic conjecture. For 0≤ω<π0\leq\omega<\pi, up to an order not yet determined,

vϵ(t;ξ)∣ξ=1−eiω∼t→∞Aϵ(t;ω)Bϵ(t;ω).v_\epsilon(t;\xi)\big|_{\xi=1-e^{i\omega}}\mathop{\sim}_{t\to\infty}\frac{A_\epsilon(t;\omega)}{B_\epsilon(t;\omega)}.

The proposed expansion is intended to provide the large-tt connection asymptotics needed to control the truncation error in the Painlevé c3\operatorname{PIII}' evaluation of the relevant quantities. The source says it was checked by numerical comparisons, but leaves the order of the asymptotic expansion and a rigorous justification for future work.

References

Primary source

Peter J. Forrester and Nicholas S. Witte, “Power spectra of Dyson's circular ensembles”, arXiv:2408.15571 (2024).

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