Clayton et al.'s nonvanishing conjecture for characteristic-polynomial coefficients

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Let m≥1m\geq1 and let k≥2k\geq2 be even, and set n=dim⁡Sk(Γ0(1))n=\dim S_k(\Gamma_0(1)). Write the characteristic polynomial of Tm(1,k)T_m(1,k) as

Tm(1,k)(x)=xn−a1(m,1,k)xn−1+a2(m,1,k)xn−2−…+(−1)nan(m,1,k).T_m(1,k)(x)=x^n-a_1(m,1,k)x^{n-1}+a_2(m,1,k)x^{n-2}-\ldots+(-1)^n a_n(m,1,k).

Clayton et al.'s nonvanishing conjecture. Then

ai(m,1,k)≠0for 1≤i≤n.a_i(m,1,k)\neq0\quad\text{for }1\leq i\leq n.

This conjecture asserts simultaneous nonvanishing of all coefficients of the characteristic polynomial of level-one Hecke operators, strengthening nonvanishing questions for the first and second coefficients; its resolution is not supplied here.

References

Primary source

Erick Ross and Hui Xue, “Signs of the Second Coefficients of Hecke Polynomials”, arXiv:2407.10951 (2024).

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