Nonexistence of singular -harmonic 1-forms when the representation variety is zero-dimensional

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Let YY be a closed oriented 33-manifold, and let R(Y)\mathcal R(Y) denote its relevant representation variety. A Z2\mathbb Z_2-harmonic 11-form on YY is a triple (Z,ℓ,ν)(\mathcal Z,\ell,\nu), where Z\mathcal Z is its singular zero locus; the case Z=∅\mathcal Z=\emptyset consists of classical harmonic forms. Suppose that R(Y)\mathcal R(Y) is zero-dimensional.

Nonexistence conjecture. There exist no Z2\mathbb Z_2-harmonic 11-forms on YY with Z≠∅\mathcal Z\neq\emptyset with respect to any metric. In particular, there exist no Z2\mathbb Z_2-harmonic 11-forms on S3S^3, and no Z2\mathbb Z_2-harmonic 11-forms on S1×S2S^1\times S^2 or T3T^3 except for the classical harmonic forms with Z=∅\mathcal Z=\emptyset.

This conjecture distinguishes the behavior of Z2\mathbb Z_2-harmonic 11-forms from the spinor case. The supplied text gives no resolution, so the conjecture remains open.

References

Primary source

Siqi He and Gregory J. Parker, “Z_2-Harmonic Spinors and 1-forms on Connected sums and Torus sums of 3-manifolds”, arXiv:2407.10922 (2026).

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