Half log-convexity and half log-concavity conjecture for ratios of Boros-Moll coefficients

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Let dℓ(m)d_\ell(m) be the coefficient of xℓx^\ell in the Boros-Moll polynomial Pm(x)P_m(x). For fixed mm, consider the ratio sequence dℓ(m)/dℓ−1(m)d_\ell(m)/d_{\ell-1}(m). Ratio-shape conjecture. For m≥3m\geq 3, the sequence {dℓ(m)/dℓ−1(m)}1≤ℓ≤⌊m/2⌋+1\{d_\ell(m)/d_{\ell-1}(m)\}_{1\leq\ell\leq\lfloor m/2\rfloor+1} is log-convex, and the sequence {dℓ(m)/dℓ−1(m)}⌊m/2⌋≤ℓ≤m\{d_\ell(m)/d_{\ell-1}(m)\}_{\lfloor m/2\rfloor\leq\ell\leq m} is log-concave. Equivalently, the displayed strict inequality in the source holds for 2≤ℓ≤⌊m/2⌋2\leq\ell\leq\lfloor m/2\rfloor, with the inequalities reversed for ⌊m/2⌋+1≤ℓ≤m−1\lfloor m/2\rfloor+1\leq\ell\leq m-1. Numerical experiments in the source motivate this conjecture.

References

Primary source

James J. Y. Zhao, “The extended reverse ultra log-concavity of transposed Boros-Moll sequences”, arXiv:2406.13790 (2024).

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