Generic double multiplicity conjecture for symmetric singular matrix pencils

Let AλBA-\lambda B be a real symmetric singular n×nn\times n pencil with normal rank nkn-k, and let DAλDBD_A-\lambda D_B be a real symmetric regular k×kk\times k pencil. For a matrix URn,kU\in\mathbb R^{n,k} and a nonzero scalar τR\tau\in\mathbb R, consider the rank-kk perturbation

AλB+τU(DAλDB)U.A-\lambda B+\tau U(D_A-\lambda D_B)U^\top.

Generic double multiplicity conjecture. There exists a generic set ΩRn,k\Omega\subseteq\mathbb R^{n,k} such that, for every UΩU\in\Omega and every τR{0}\tau\in\mathbb R\setminus\{0\}, the spectrum of the perturbed pencil consists of the eigenvalues of AλBA-\lambda B (true eigenvalues), the eigenvalues of DAλDBD_A-\lambda D_B (prescribed eigenvalues), and random eigenvalues, all of which have algebraic multiplicity precisely two. This conjecture extends the rank-one result for pencils with one minimal index; the observed real-symmetric examples exhibit random eigenvalues in double pairs.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Michiel E. Hochstenbach, Christian Mehl and Bor Plestenjak, “Solving singular generalized eigenvalue problems. Part III: structure preservation”, arXiv:2406.07109 (2024).

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