Maximal-operator duality for Musielak–Orlicz spaces

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Let ϕ\phi be a generalized Φ\Phi-function, let ϕ∗\phi^* be its complementary generalized Φ\Phi-function, and let MM denote the Hardy–Littlewood maximal operator. Assume that both ϕ\phi and ϕ∗\phi^* satisfy the Δ2\Delta_2 condition. Musielak–Orlicz duality conjecture. Then

M:Lϕ(⋅)(Rd)→Lϕ(⋅)(Rd)M:L^{\phi(\cdot)}({\mathbf R}^d)\to L^{\phi(\cdot)}({\mathbf R}^d)

if and only if

M:Lϕ∗(⋅)(Rd)→Lϕ∗(⋅)(Rd).M:L^{\phi^*(\cdot)}({\mathbf R}^d)\to L^{\phi^*(\cdot)}({\mathbf R}^d).

This is the Musielak–Orlicz specialization of the convex-concave Banach-function-space duality conjecture. The source provides no resolution.

References

Primary source

Zoe Nieraeth, “The Muckenhoupt condition”, arXiv:2405.20907 (2025).

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