The instanton L-space surgery conjecture for knots

Let KS3K\subset S^3 be a knot, let p/qQ{0}p/q\in\mathbb{Q}\setminus\{0\}, and suppose that I(Sp/q3(K);Z)I^\sharp(S^3_{p/q}(K);\mathbb{Z}) has no 22-torsion. An instanton L-space is a rational homology sphere YY satisfying

dimI(Y;C)=H1(Y;Z).\dim I^\sharp(Y;\mathbb{C})=|H_1(Y;\mathbb{Z})|.

Instanton L-space surgery conjecture. Under these assumptions, Sp/q3(K)S^3_{p/q}(K) must be an instanton L-space, meaning

dimI(Sp/q3(K);C)=H1(Sp/q3(K);Z)=p,\dim I^\sharp(S^3_{p/q}(K);\mathbb{C})=|H_1(S^3_{p/q}(K);\mathbb{Z})|=|p|,

and KK must be an instanton L-space knot. Consequently, KK is fibered and strongly quasi-positive, and p/q>2g(K)1|p/q|>2g(K)-1. This conjecture extends the paper's integral-torsion criterion from nonzero integral surgeries to arbitrary nonzero rational surgeries; the stated consequences are supported by the cited results, while the conjectural implication itself remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Zhenkun Li and Fan Ye, “2-torsion in instanton Floer homology”, arXiv:2405.16252 (2026).

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