The Catalan-polynomial structure conjecture for the moment generating function of random graphs

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Let Mμc(z)M_{\mu^c}(z) be the ordinary moment generating function of μc\mu^c, and let C(z)C(z) denote the Catalan generating function. For a formal power series in c−1c^{-1}, write [c−i][c^{-i}] for the coefficient of c−ic^{-i}. Define

Vi(z):=[c−i]Mμc(zP(1/c)),i≥0.V_i(z):=[c^{-i}]M_{\mu^c}\left(\sqrt{\frac{z}{P(1/c)}}\right),\qquad i\geq 0.

Catalan-polynomial structure conjecture. There exists a unique power series P(x)P(x) with non-negative integer coefficients such that every Vi(z)V_i(z) is the product of C(z)C(z) and a polynomial in zC(z)2zC(z)^2.

This conjecture predicts a uniform algebraic structure for all coefficients in the large-cc expansion of the moment generating function. The preceding asymptotic theorem motivates the normalization by P(1/c)P(1/c), while the conjecture leaves the existence and uniqueness of the required power series, as well as the asserted factorization for every ii, open.

References

Primary source

Eva-Maria Hainzl and Élie de Panafieu, “Tree walks and the spectrum of random graphs”, arXiv:2405.08347 (2024).

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