Widom's conjecture for discontinuous pseudodifferential symbols and spectral projectors

Assume the conditions denoted by Assumptions. Let Π,μ\Pi_{\hbar,\mu} be the spectral projector defined in, and let

ΠΩ=\1ΩΠ,μ\1Ω.\Pi_\hbar|_{\Omega}=\1_{\Omega}\Pi_{\hbar,\mu}\1_{\Omega}.

Let g:[0,1]Rg:[0,1]\to\mathbb{R} be continuous with g(0)=g(1)=0g(0)=g(1)=0, and suppose either g0g\geq 0 or the function

tg(t)t(1t)t\longmapsto \frac{g(t)}{t(1-t)}

is in L1L^1. Widom's conjecture. As 0\hbar\to0,

trg(ΠΩ)(2π)1nlog12CΩ[0,1]g(λ)λ(1λ)dλ,\frac{\operatorname{tr}g(\Pi_\hbar|_{\Omega})}{(2\pi\hbar)^{1-n}\log\hbar^{-1}}\longrightarrow 2C_{\Omega}\int_{[0,1]}\frac{g(\lambda)}{\lambda(1-\lambda)}\,\mathrm{d}\lambda,

where CΩC_{\Omega} is given by the variance formula with f=1f=1. This conjecture extends Widom's asymptotic formula for discontinuous symbols to general spectral projectors; the source describes analytic cases and several partial results, while the stated extension is proposed as an open problem.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Alix Deleporte and Gaultier Lambert, “Widom's conjecture: variance asymptotics and entropy bounds for counting statistics of free fermions”, arXiv:2405.07796 (2024).

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