Non-negativity conjecture for q-Catalan germs

For each integer a3a\geq3, let Cat((a;c))q\operatorname{Cat}((a;c))_q denote the qq-Catalan germ associated with an integer cc, as defined in the paper. q-Catalan germ positivity conjecture. For every integer cc with 1c(a1)21\leq c\leq(a-1)^2 and gcd(a,c)=1\gcd(a,c)=1,

Cat((a;c))qN[q].\operatorname{Cat}((a;c))_q\in\mathbb{N}[q].

The germs refine rational qq-Catalan numbers into more basic polynomials. Computations for 3a53\leq a\leq5 show non-negative coefficients, while the general positivity assertion remains open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Drew Armstrong, “Lattice Points and Rational q-Catalan Numbers”, arXiv:2403.06318 (2026).

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