The perturbed Conway invariant positivity conjecture

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For a knot K⊂S3K\subset S^3, let ρ1(K)\rho_1(K) be an invariant divisible by (1−T)2(1-T)^2 and symmetric under T↦T−1T\mapsto T^{-1}. Define

ρ1red(K)=T(1−T)2ρ1(K)\rho_1^{\mathrm{red}}(K)=\frac{T}{(1-T)^2}\rho_1(K)

and let the perturbed Conway invariant δ1(K)∈Z[z]\delta_1(K)\in\mathbb{Z}[z] be the unique polynomial satisfying

δ1(K)(x−x−1)=ρ1red(K)(x2).\delta_1(K)(x-x^{-1})=\rho_1^{\mathrm{red}}(K)(x^2).

Perturbed Conway invariant positivity conjecture. If K⊂S3K\subset S^3 is a positive knot, then all coefficients of δ1(K)\delta_1(K) are non-positive.

This is motivated by Cromwell's theorem that the coefficients of the Conway polynomial of a positive knot are non-negative. The divisibility and symmetry assumptions on ρ1\rho_1 have been conjectured by Bar-Natan and van der Veen and verified for knots with up to 11 crossings; the sign assertion for δ1\delta_1 is presented here as a conjecture.

References

Primary source

Joe Boninger, “Twisted Knots and the Perturbed Alexander Invariant”, arXiv:2403.03754 (2025).

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