The full-rank conjecture for the σ(N,l)-matrix

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For N≥2N\geq 2, let tt be the number of positive divisors of NN, let g1,…,grg_1,\ldots,g_r be the generators specified in the surrounding setup, and let σN,l\sigma_{N,l} be the associated quantities for divisors ll of NN with 1<l∣N1<l\mid N. Full-rank conjecture.

rank⁡(σN,l(gj))1≤j≤r,,1<l∣N=t−1.\operatorname{rank}\left(\sigma_{N,l}(g_j)\right)_{1\leq j\leq r,\\,1<l\mid N}=t-1.

This conjecture concerns the rank governing the image of the relevant character map and would provide information needed for larger NN. The source gives no proof or disproof, so its status remains open.

References

Primary source

Xiao-Jie Zhu, “Explicit formulae for linear characters of Γ_0(N)”, arXiv:2402.14796 (2025).

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