Kudla's arithmetic modularity conjecture

Let GG be the relevant reductive group, let XKX_K be the associated Shimura variety, and let nn be a nonnegative integer. For a Schwartz function φ\varphi in the finite adelic Schwartz space, write Z(g,φ)KZ(g,\varphi)_K for the formal generating function and let Am/2,χ(G(A)){\mathscr A}_{m/2,\chi}(G(\mathbb A)) be the indicated space of automorphic forms. The conjecture concerns the generating function

Kudla's arithmetic modularity conjecture. The formal generating function Z(g,φ)KZ(g,\varphi)_K converges absolutely and defines an element in

Am/2,χ(G(A))CHn(XK)C.{\mathscr A}_{m/2,\chi}(G(\mathbb A)) \otimes {\mathrm{CH}}^{n}(X_K)_\mathbb C.

This is the arithmetic analogue of the modularity of classical and geometric theta functions: it predicts that the generating series of arithmetic cycles is an automorphic form with values in the complexified Chow group. The supplied text does not state a resolution, so the conjecture is recorded as open.

Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Chao Li, “Geometric and arithmetic theta correspondences”, arXiv:2402.12159 (2025).

Additional references

6 papers in this index state this conjecture (2013–2024). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2212.12849, arXiv:2110.07457, arXiv:2101.09232, arXiv:1302.0880, arXiv:1302.1451.

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