Patterson's asymptotic conjecture for cubic exponential sums

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Let pp run through the primes with p≡1(mod3)p\equiv 1\pmod 3, and define

Sp=∑a=1pe(a3p),S_p=\sum_{a=1}^{p}e\left(\frac{a^3}{p}\right),

where e(y)=e2πiye(y)=e^{2\pi i y}. Let

d=2(2π)2/35Γ(23),d=\frac{2(2\pi)^{2/3}}{5\Gamma(\frac{2}{3})},

where Γ\Gamma is the classical gamma function. Patterson's conjecture. As X→∞X\to\infty,

∑p≤Xp≡1mod3Sp2p∼dX5/6log⁡X.\sum_{\substack{p\leq X\\ p\equiv 1\bmod 3}}\frac{S_p}{2\sqrt{p}}\sim d\frac{X^{5/6}}{\log X}.

The conjecture concerns the first moment of normalized cubic exponential sums and their distribution over primes congruent to 11 modulo 33. The preceding Kummer frequency conjecture was disproved by Heath-Brown and Patterson; the source gives no resolution status for Patterson's conjecture itself.

References

Primary source

Nilanjan Bag, “Moment of Kummer sums weighted by L-functions”, arXiv:2401.13580 (2024).

Additional references

3 papers in this index state this conjecture (2013–2024). The statement above is taken from the most recent of them; the others are arXiv:2109.07463, arXiv:1305.1243.

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