Conjecture on the Laplacian eigenvalue distribution of graphs with given diameter

From papers

Let GG be a connected graph of order nn with diameter d2d\ge 2. For an interval of indices, write mG[a,b]m_G[a,b] for the number of Laplacian eigenvalues of GG whose indices lie between aa and bb, inclusive.

Laplacian eigenvalue distribution conjecture. If c=0,,d2c=0,\dots,d-2 and

max{2,c}dn2c,\max\{2,c\}\le d\le n-2-c,

then

mG[nd+2c,n]nd+c.m_G[n-d+2-c,n]\le n-d+c.

The conjecture concerns how many of the largest Laplacian eigenvalues a connected graph of diameter dd can have in the indicated index range. The source states that it is known for c=0,1,2,d3,d2c=0,1,2,d-3,d-2, while the general case remains open.

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Sources & referencesView supporting material

Primary source

Leyou Xu and Bo Zhou, “Diameter vs Laplacian eigenvalue distribution”, arXiv:2401.03777 (2024).

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